This caught my attention. I presume this would be the same for other Scarabaeidae?
Yes - if larvae are kept in groups, I'm always careful to keep the number below the limit at which competition will occur. That way, the larvae will reach their full potential size. In the case of Dynastes tityus for example, I keep no more than 8 larvae per 10 gal. tank (filled to 75% capacity with substrate) once they reach L3.
My second generation Gymnetis thula are popping out smaller than the founding adults. They're in about an 8-ish gallon enclosure, but I bet I have more than 50 larvae in there. I change it all out fresh twice a year. I think the substrate is fairly high value (all rotting wood and hardwood leaves, no filler like coconut fiber). And I supplement with surface treats like fruit and squash that are actively dragged under. But maybe they're still just motoring through it all too quickly? I guess I may have to step up my maintenance game?
50 thula larvae in an 8 gal. container is fine - it's the frequency of the addition / change of substrate that matters. I typically keep 50 thula larvae in a 16 quart plastic storage box, and so long as I make sure that the substrate supply is kept up, they all reach normal size. I screen out all of the frass at least once a month, and mix in whatever amount of new substrate is needed to bring the depth back up to what it was originally. 50 thula larvae can convert quite a bit of substrate into frass over the course of a month. And yes, it's definitely helpful to offer the larvae of this species supplements such as apple if rearing them at some density, just to make sure they get what they need.